University of Arizona

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Records of the Spenazuma Gold Mining and Milling Company

1898 to 1899
AZ 099
Collection Guide
Assay Certificate for Spenazuma Mining and Milling Company Assay and Chemical Laboratories, 1899

The Spenazuma Gold Mining and Milling Company was formed in 1898 by Richard C. Flower to fraudulently sell stock in a non-existent mine. The scheme was exposed in 1899 by newspaperman George H. Smalley.

The collection includes promotional and descriptive literature, assay certificates, and other papers concerning the Spenazuma swindle.

 

Included materials:
Manuscript
Subject Area:
Mining
Business
Collection Area:
Arizona & Southwest

Land Acknowledgement

We respectfully acknowledge the University of Arizona is on the land and territories of Indigenous peoples. Today, Arizona is home to 22 federally recognized tribes, with Tucson being home to the O’odham and the Yaqui. Committed to diversity and inclusion, the University strives to build sustainable relationships with sovereign Native Nations and Indigenous communities through education offerings, partnerships, and community service.